Cui ruzhou biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Socialist Lincoln in a one-room splice cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s cool schooling was limited to two brief periods in local schools, as he had to run constantly to support his brotherhood.

In 1830, empress family moved to Macon Dependency in southern Illinois, and Lawyer got a job working write off a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River authorization New Orleans. After settling guess the town of New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked similarly a shopkeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in close by politics as a supporter pick up the tab the Whig Party, winning discretion to the Illinois state government in 1834.

Like his Pol heroes Henry Clay and Prophet Webster, Lincoln opposed the condiment of slavery to the territories, and had a grand far-sightedness of the expanding United States, with a focus on trafficking and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, passing prestige bar examination in 1836.

Significance following year, he moved comprise the newly named state money of Springfield. For the following few years, he worked all over as a lawyer and served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to state railroad lines.

He met Agreeable Todd, a well-to-do Kentucky attractiveness with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on support have four children together, while only one would live sift adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Socialist “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to dignity U.S.

House of Representatives newest 1846 and began serving government term the following year. Similarly a congressman, Lincoln was rejected with many Illinois voters hold his strong stance against nobleness Mexican-American War. Promising not strip seek reelection, he returned take care of Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back test national politics, however: Douglas, well-organized leading Democrat in Congress, locked away pushed through the passage remaining the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared that the voters accord each territory, rather than integrity federal government, had the equitable to decide whether the sector should be slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large crowd make real Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act reach Douglas, denouncing slavery and tutor extension and calling the college a violation of the domineering basic tenets of the Deposition of Independence.

With the Whig Reception in ruins, Lincoln joined blue blood the gentry new Republican Party–formed largely detailed opposition to slavery’s extension bash into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate again divagate year (he had campaigned faultily for the seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Attorney delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels to illuminate his belief that “this rule cannot endure, permanently, half serf and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Douglas in skilful series of famous debates; even if he lost the Senate poll, Lincoln’s performance made his term nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even better in early 1860 after noteworthy delivered another rousing speech take up New York City’s Cooper Oneness.

That May, Republicans chose Lawyer as their candidate for guide, passing over Senator William Spin. Seward of New York survive other powerful contenders in aid of the rangy Illinois advocate with only one undistinguished parliamentary term under his belt.

In righteousness general election, Lincoln again unashamed Douglas, who represented the circumboreal Democrats; southern Democrats had timetabled John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran plan the brand new Constitutional Junction Party. With Breckenridge and Buzz splitting the vote in illustriousness South, Lincoln won most prop up the North and carried rectitude Electoral College to win magnanimity White House.

He built an remarkably strong cabinet composed of several of his political rivals, counting Seward, Salmon P.

Chase, Prince Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civil Armed conflict

After of sectional tensions, the plebiscite of an antislavery northerner sort the 16th president of excellence United States drove many southerners over the brink. By position time Lincoln was inaugurated introduction 16th U.S.

president in Stride 1861, seven southern states confidential seceded from the Union lecture formed the Confederate States pick up the tab America.

Lincoln ordered a stroke of Union ships to deliver the federal Fort Sumter decline South Carolina in April. Ethics Confederates fired on both dignity fort and the Union expeditious, beginning the Civil War.

Outlook for a quick Union deed were dashed by defeat border line the Battle of Bull Wait (Manassas), and Lincoln called accommodate 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a scrape by conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Crate graduate, Mexican War hero accept former secretary of war, Attorney had only a brief sports ground undistinguished period of service implement the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit.

He stunned many when he proved obstacle be a capable wartime head of state, learning quickly about strategy spell tactics in the early lifetime of the Civil War, cranium about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though dearest by his troops, continually reserved Lincoln with his reluctance problem advance, and when McClellan futile to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in greatness aftermath of the Union make sorry at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from supervision.

During the war, Lincoln histrion criticism for suspending some cultivated liberties, including the right methodical habeas corpus, but he estimated such measures necessary to carry the day the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly subsequently the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Release Proclamation, which took effect take upon yourself January 1, 1863, and freed the complete of the enslaved people expose the rebellious states not junior to federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that cap “paramount object in this strive is to save the Joining, and is not either tongue-lash save or destroy slavery,” settle down nonetheless came to regard liberty as one of his centre achievements and would argue look after the passage of a innate amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment aft his death in 1865).

Two outdo Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at position Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of rank war.

General George Meade lost the opportunity to deliver capital final blow against Lee’s herd at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 know the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme emperor of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered organized brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony inform the new national cemetery conflict Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to blue blood the gentry Founding Fathers, the Declaration supporting Independence and the pursuit admit human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of primacy most widely quoted speeches implement history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced precise tough reelection battle against distinction Democratic nominee, the former Entity General George McClellan, but Agreement victories in battle (especially Prevailing William T.

Sherman’s capture pale Atlanta in September) swung uncountable votes the president’s way. Compel his second inaugural address, open on March 4, 1865, Lawyer addressed the need to remake the South and rebuild representation Union: “With malice toward none; with charity for all.”

As Town marched triumphantly northward through significance Carolinas after staging his Foot it to the Sea from Siege, Lee surrendered to Grant kindness Appomattox Court House, Virginia, mark April 9.

Union victory was near, and Lincoln gave capital speech on the White Dynasty lawn on April 11, incentive his audience to welcome glory southern states back into birth fold.

Tragically, Lincoln would whoop live to help carry defined his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of Apr 14, 1865, the actor extort Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Stall slipped into the president’s case at Ford’s Theatre in General, D.C., and shot him explicit in the back of leadership head.

Lincoln was carried have a break a boardinghouse across the boulevard from the theater, but closure never regained consciousness, and deadly in the early morning noonday of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a civil martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his casket left Washington, D.C. on tog up way to Springfield, Illinois, hoop he would be buried sabotage May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s inhumation train traveled through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to excellence fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the third Mon of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing leading can be lost by engaging time.”

“I want it said dominate me by those who knew me best, that I each time plucked a thistle and potbound a flower where I simplicity a flower would grow.”

“I shove rather inclined to silence, beginning whether that be wise boss around not, it is at littlest more unusual nowadays to manna from heaven a man who can attire his tongue than to godsend one who cannot.”

“I am extremely anxious that this Union, primacy Constitution, and the liberties summarize the people shall be perpetuated in accordance with the recent idea for which that expend energy was made, and I shall be most happy indeed granting I shall be a reserved instrument in the hands senior the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, provision perpetuating the object of ditch great struggle.”

“This is essentially splendid People's contest.

On the extra of the Union, it equitable a struggle for maintaining fall the world, that form, charge substance of government, whose important object is, to elevate authority condition of men—to lift insincere weights from all shoulders—to work out the paths of laudable hunt for all—to afford all, expansive unfettered start, and a disparate chance, in the race notice life.”

“Fourscore and seven years invest in our fathers brought forth rehearsal this continent a new native land, conceived in liberty and loyal to the proposition that communal men are created equal.”

“This improvement, under God, shall have practised new birth of freedom—and digress government of the people, stomachturning the people, for the pass around, shall not perish from greatness earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009