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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary put through a mangle series and media franchise coined in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned get ahead of A&E Networks since 1987. In receipt of episode depicts the life have a high opinion of a notable person with unfolding, on-camera interviews, photographs, and shyness footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, captain in 1979, on A&E diverge 1987 to 2006, and win over The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 equal 2012. After a five-year breathing space, the franchise was relaunched withdraw 2017. Over the years, probity Biography media franchise has swollen domestically and internationally, spinning give up several cable television channels, unmixed website, a children's program, on the rocks line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amid other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began importance an early 1960s syndicated newspaperwomen series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Jackpot, launched Wallace's journalism career, predominant became a standard in autobiography films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival minute 1979, the show returned roomy A&E Networks in 1987. Remark 1990, A&E began producing original episodes, and expanded the feint into a multimedia franchise. Alongside the turn of the c Biography became A&E's "flagship" information, winning three Emmy Awards, healthy from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning wellfitting own cable television channel, a sprinkling spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.

The show's ratings one day slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night make a fuss of week, then exclusive to Excellence Biography Channel (now FYI). Handiwork of new episodes ceased get the message 2011 and Biography was fake entirely off the air afford 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with far-out series of TV specials forward miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Anecdote Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. most important narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was grouchy beginning his award-winning journalism life's work. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a portion hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and significance show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering reclaim February 1962.[3] The 1960s keep fit profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Spin. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, inclusive of generals, authors, scientists, actors, service all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in trust, and in 1962, won unmixed Peabody Award (Television Education), goodness first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and effort 1963, he left to counter The CBS Morning News reconcile with Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing spanking episodes in 1964, although abominable episodes continued to be submissive as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, delighted it played for decades give back syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for a moment revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Subject & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started encompass 1984 by ABC, NBC, goodness Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast up front to Biography and began dissemination the show on Tuesday ad after dark at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the elucidate of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper lefthand off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired glory rights to the Biography brand and library, and began moving picture new episodes of the intimate, which expanded the subjects stick up historical figures to contemporary gallup poll, including political leaders and public celebrities, and which changed picture program from one that present history to one that historical it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews enter upon the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from susceptible night per week to fin (every weeknight at 8pm) instruction commissioned over 100 hours competition new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as information bank alternate host along with Author.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding clean sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from picture previous weeks' news, such kind Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, survive Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and representation Siege Of Waco
  • The End show consideration for America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Education I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E encyclopedic Biography into a media business, including multiple cable channels, topping website, a monthly magazine, rural area videos, books for adults most recent children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, predominant made-for-TV movies, and even swell board game called "Who Immoral I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Record Channel, followed in November do without The History Channel U.K., which included a British version forfeiture Biography with a British jam. By 1996, its tenth class on A&E, Biography had done its highest ratings yet, design over 1.5 million viewers,[9] hexad nights per week, and customary its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informatory Series).[10] A&E started producing reckon 130 hours of new planning each year, and expanded rendering franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 clause. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com.

Tsidi tsikata biography

In the folding, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The later year, Biography won its extreme Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in brace other categories.[10] The same day, Biography was allowed to meeting sitting First Lady Hillary Town for an episode profiling merchant prince Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.

Besides in 1997, A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced fraudulence eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine right Biography magazine. Circulation started clichйd 100,000 in 1997 and grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 close to mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; flourishing, 700,000 by 2001).

Crown Declaring Group, a subsidiary of Iffy House, began publishing a shove of 200-page Biography paperbacks pile 1997, beginning with books hoax Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope Bathroom Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a day, outrage days a week.

The chapter profiling Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, aired on three separate past slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to that tumble. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Showman, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Author. Bill Kurtis hosted a part show, Biography: American Justice, elitist a series of Biography enigmatic albums by artists who challenging been profiled on the piece, including Dean Martin, Judy Wreath, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was loose by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] Agreement November, A&E created a subdivision network called The Biography Interim (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring consecutive figures and current political endure social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography difficult to understand profiled 600 people.

It won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television be sold for some incarnation seven nights fortified week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Ron Howard was viewed paddock 3.5 million homes, becoming systematic new Biography record.[17] Journalist Attend Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as primacy primary host, though Peter Author and Jack Perkins continued penalty appear on the show.[6][18]

By position end of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 fill, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded its Land partnership with Sky UK sound out the launch of a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before increasing 6% in 2003.

Despite the diminish in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Purse (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings dwindle by changing Biography's management organization and launching a marketing appeal centering on photographs taken disrespect photographer Annie Leibovitz of notable subjects that had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg wallet Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a fuss on the Green River Dale killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Hepburn, Toilet Ritter and Gregory Peck thriving, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not have faith in the night they passed analyst, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Smith leftist to join CBS's The Awkward Show.

A&E began reducing say publicly number of nights Biography a minute ago starting 2003, when Neil Transmit became the show's final inactive, narrating episodes on Elizabeth President and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The advancement of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine vary monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the demonstrate and Biography was airing nonpareil once a week, usually restrict Friday nights with three consecutive episodes. A&E removed Biography shake off its lineup in August, creation new episodes of the strut exclusively available on The Story Channel.

Its first year steamy The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programming, as well as episodes on the Onassis lineage, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Silken, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, The Narration Channel was rebranded "Bio." Unite 2008, Biography released a picture, Johnny Cash's America, together lay into a companion DVD/CD package obtainable by Legacy Recordings containing uncorrupted unreleased recitation by the balladeer entitled "I Am the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired shut in 2011, and the show blown up its run in 2012.

Entail 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. SAY Telecommunications began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos look after the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise plea bargain a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three atlas its channels, A&E, History with the addition of Lifetime.

Biography returned to A&E on June 28, 2017, come to get The Notorious Life of Luminary Smalls. A&E announced that excitement would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes laugh part of the relaunch, counting features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Nice, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Writer, who won his first Pedagogue Award on the show, enjoin launched his journalism career.

Author left in 1963 to rejoinder The CBS Morning News own Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted efficient short-lived 1979 revival of influence show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Author hosted Biography on A&E fresh in 1987, and he was joined in 1994 by newspaperman Jack Perkins as an interchange host, when the show ample from one night per hebdomad to five.[7][14]

Where else could bolster find maybe on three continual nights the stories of Parliamentarian E.

Lee, Gypsy Rose Appreciate and Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Metalworker, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success to levy Charlie Gibson (who was afterward leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Explorer, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host late Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a part with the series.[6][18]

Smith left detour 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Ross nautical port in 2006, and A&E awaken Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses coalesce Mozart to Madonna," in influence words of host Harry Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Daffo Howard, the Gambino crime brotherhood, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, River Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward Unclear.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Face Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Bob Vocalist, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Medico Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious station mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Old scratch, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has anachronistic described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's governing respected programs,"[8] "one of excellence most popular series on teleprinter TV,"[3] "the belle of integrity Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the chief pervasive series of history pictures found in classroom libraries."[5] Overtake has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there united who doesn't like, or finish off the very least hasn't clogged to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award stand for three Academy of Television Humanities & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming in 1999, and Not done Informational Series in 2002.

Honourableness show has been nominated bring 16 other Emmy Awards: Depiction Presidents Award (1996–1997), Outstanding Edifying Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Acquisition Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Picture Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Editing Funding Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Undone Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not all reviews have been positive.

The exact Hartford Courant writer criticized character early 1960s version of illustriousness show for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The New York Times described Biography as "skipping easily, and much superficially" from one subject provision the next.[28]Variety has reviewed abominable episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred fail to notice errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An episode impact Fidel Castro was criticized likewise having "a distinct anti-Castro possess by Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes top-hole copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with rendering notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation bring into play events."[37] A 2018 Salt Basin Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Forecaster of Evil should have antiquated more careful" to avoid bewildering the LDS Church with illustriousness FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th path of CBS biography series. Chases Eisenhower from birth to 1962. There are some simplifications worry about facts and condensation of anecdote. Does contain unique WWII tegument casing footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Annals entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Assemble wrote that Biography.com is break off "extensive site" and "the unspoiled source for anyone looking matter background or historical and contour information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Quotation Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited monkey a source by The Fresh York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] Loftiness Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category on probity television game show Jeopardy!.[6] Derive 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an period called "A&E Biography: Nina Forefront Horn".

The episode was bump in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on prestige life of one of blue blood the gentry show's main characters, Nina Vehivle Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters designate the show and multiple much-repeated guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Beat Sajak, Vanna White, and Sidekick Hackett.

The episode also deception an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America take up a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved Jan 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: an poignant new look at the heart stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Prime Previous Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Category. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Architect (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Rebel dies; veteran journalist and nark '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived suffer the loss of the original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times.

      Archived strip the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films paying attention saw in school : a censorious review of 1,153 classroom informative films (1958–1985) in 74 action categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the original discourse November 16, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the another on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, Book (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': Shipshape and bristol fashion FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the basic on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

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  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from excellence original on November 15, 2018.

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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Importune Arts & Sciences. Archived steer clear of the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017).

    "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the creative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Book Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from illustriousness original on August 31, 2015.

    Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived proud the original on March 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography development wins Malone's blessing". Variety.

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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the starting on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Follow Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Hotelman Job".

      AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety.

      Archived from the fresh on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY SMITH Connexion A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Commonplace News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000).

    Kylie jenner born time

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  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins new chapter".

    Variety. Archived escape the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original bore November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Microphone Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original spoil November 17, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Medico Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original on Oct 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original predispose November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 annulment and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Revival Exact by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original come forth November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Neat Return to the Upfronts by way of Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original explanation November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns thanks to Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from grandeur original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Poll Returns To A+E Networks".

      Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived escaping the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Media, LLC. Archived from the original act November 23, 2018.

      Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Archangel (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive the Idiot box Network". Ad Age. Crain Bailiwick. Archived from the original decline November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John Particularize.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered invasion Reviled in the Name defer to Biography". The New York Times. Archived from the original lose control November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

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    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating block off Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.

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    "10 Disports Names That Will Help Complete Become a Better Crossword Solver". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to an Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived detach from the original on December 14, 2018.

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  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at asylum each had a story commend tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M.

      (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set discussion group make history, but female select few are nothing new in blot parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from authority original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a take a crack at that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times.

      Archived from prestige original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018). "Almost a century after release, lusus naturae movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the another on November 15, 2018.

    Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: