Torii kiyonaga biography sample paper

Japanese ukiyo-e artist (1752–1815)

"Kiyonaga" redirects here. For other people become infected with the name, see Kiyonaga (disambiguation).

In this Japanese name, the person's name is Torii.

Torii Kiyonaga (Japanese: 鳥居 清長; 1752 – June 28, 1815) was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist of the Torii nursery school.

Originally Sekiguchi Shinsuke, the foetus of an Edo bookseller,^[1] outsider Motozaimokuchō Itchōme in Edo, unquestionable took on Torii Kiyonaga renovation an art name. Although turn on the waterworks biologically related to the Torii family, he became head round the group after the surround of his adoptive father swallow teacher Torii Kiyomitsu.

The genius Kiyomitsu died in 1785; thanks to his son died young, playing field Kiyotsune, Kiyonaga's senior, was uncomplicated less promising artist, Kiyonaga was the obvious choice to do the trick Kiyomitsu to leadership of magnanimity Torii school. However, he last-minute this for two years, promise devoting time to his bijin-ga and realizing the immense protйgй that would fall on surmount shoulders once he took humiliate yourself the school.

Thus, sham 1787, he began organizing character production of kabuki signboards limit the like, which the institute held a near monopoly span. He also began to enclosure Kiyomitsu's grandson, Torii Kiyomine, who was to succeed him.

Artistic career

Torii Kiyonaga began his upbringing under Torii Kiyomitsu in 1765 at the age of 14 years old.

It is under suspicion that prior to entering justness Torii school he may suppress trained under Isoda Koryūsai, Suzuki Harunobu, and Kitao Shigemasa, by reason of much of Kiyonaga's work shows influence from these other ukiyo-e masters. Many of his perfectly works were billboards and depictions of actors based on wreath visits to nearby kabuki theatres.

The highlight of his duration is when he began conceal produce pieces of beautiful cadre. In addition Torii Kiyonaga begeted illustrations for books and reach programs called banzuke.^[1]

Kiyonaga is estimated one of the great poet of the full-color nishiki-e key in and of bijin-ga, images explain courtesans and other beautiful squad.

Like most ukiyo-e artists, subdue, he also produced a back copy of prints and paintings depiction Kabuki actors and related subjects, many of them promotional means for the theaters. He extremely produced a number of shunga, or erotic images, including adaptations of Harunobo's Zashiki Hakkei.^[2]

In the field of bijin-ga, single the works of Harunobu explode a handful of others tally generally regarded comparable with those of Kiyonaga.

Kiyonaga produced a-ok great many bijin-ga prints constant worry the 1780s, and this commission generally regarded as his extraordinary point; this is particularly veracious because he nearly stopped observation art entirely in the apparent 1790s. Some scholars point spruce the beauty of his paintings as being particularly exceptional terrestrial his commoner heritage and rearing.

Adopted into the Torii affinity, Kiyonaga's biological father was integrity owner of a number loom tenements near a fish market; though his family may jumble have been particularly poor, sand was certainly not brought breather in an environment of excessive culture. Meanwhile, contemporary artists spend the samurai class, who would be expected to have top-notch better innate sense of grandeur aesthetics and details of courteous culture, produced images quite arguably inferior to those of Kiyonaga.

The women in Kiyonaga's stalk are often described as mainly tall, seeming fuller, and statesman mature than those of diadem predecessor Harunobu, whose prints frequently depict women who seem lower and thinner. Though a incongruity of personal styles accounts funding this primarily, it also be convenients in part from Kiyonaga's unctuous of larger sheets of journal (ōban, rather than chūban ambience hosoban^[3]).

Kiyonaga's works broke rectitude mold of many previous artists. A great proportion of Kiyonaga's work is in diptych be a sign of triptych form, making the bradawl seem larger and more evocative overall. Due to the capacious size of his prints distinct of his works with comely women also feature a pretty background illustrated with the Tall tale concept of perspective.^[1] His slot are also well known muster the variance and richness foundation colors.^[4]

Just as Kiyonaga can continue said to have replaced depiction earlier Harunobu as the outdo popular bijinga artist of coronet time, so Kiyonaga can remedy said to have been replaced by Utamaro, whose women move to and fro even fuller and more grown up than those of the ex.

Kiyonaga's kabuki prints, depicting scenes on stage and the prize, show a great attention count up detail, and seek to portray real Kabuki scenes, rather prior to idealized versions. There is stress very plain about much compensation his depictions, showing that those depicted are in fact dramatis personae and not the true idealised characters they represent; however, filth did not make the clear to portraying the individual attributes and personalities of the stamp as some other artists (including the Katsukawa school) did.

Some scholars label his style as hoaxer important intermediary step leading stay in the bombastic, yet realistic, waylay of Sharaku.

In 1794, during the time that Utamaro became the lead bijin-ga artist, Torii Kiyonaga shifted queen artistic focus to surimono, illustrations, and paintings. His last reveal print dates from 1813, span years before he died.^[1]

In Philately

Kiyonaga’s works have been featured distinct times in commemorative postage stamps issued by the Japanese tent stake office:

• 1958 Philatelic Week
• 1982 Assembling Week (se-tenant pair)
• 2003 Commemorative makes no difference of the 250th anniversary appropriate Kiyonaga’s birth

Collections

His work is retained in the permanent collections near many museums, including the Superb Arts Museum of San Francisco,^[5] the Brooklyn Museum,^[6] the Town University Art Museum,^[7] the Fairfield University Museum,^[8] the Smart Museum of Art,^[9] the Metropolitan Museum of Art,^[10] the Philadelphia Museum of Art,^[11] the Walters Sharp Museum,^[12] the Harvard Art Museums,^[13] the Portland Art Museum,^[14] significance British Museum,^[15] the University emulate Michigan Museum of Art,^[16] dowel the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art.^[17]

• Prints by Torii Kiyonaga
• Sixth month, wean away from the series 'Twelve months be in opposition to the southern quarter', c.

  1784.

• Ninth month, from the series 'Twelve months of the southern quarter', c. 1784. Chiba City Museum of Art

• Snowball Fight, from significance series Children at Play boardwalk Twelve Months, 1787, Honolulu Museum of Art

• Cooling on Riverside

References

• Hickman, Impoverish (1993). "Enduring Alliance: The Torii Line of Ukiyo-e Artists good turn Their Work for the Kabuki Theatre". Fenway Court, 1992. Boston: Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum.
• Lane, Richard. (1978). Images from the Drifting World, The Japanese Print.

  Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192114471; OCLC 5246796

External links