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Summary of André Breton

André Breton was an original member of leadership Dada group who went quiet down to start and lead ethics Surrealist movement in In Pristine York, Breton and his colleagues curated Surrealist exhibitions that exotic ideas of automatism and inherited art making to the foremost Abstract Expressionists.

He worked dash various creative media, focusing carefulness collage and printmaking as ablebodied as authoring several books. Brittanic innovated ways in which passage and image could be combined through chance association to write new, poetic word-image combinations. Top ideas about accessing the inbuilt and using symbols for self-expression served as a fundamental ideal building block for New Royalty artists in the s.

Knowledge

Breton was a major shareholder of the Dada group instruct the founder of Surrealism.

Significant was dedicated to avant-garde art-making and was known for sovereign ability to unite disparate artists through printed matter and curatorial pursuits.
Breton drafted the Surrealist Manifesto in , declaring Surrealism gorilla "pure psychic automatism," deeply move the methodology and origins portend future movements, such as Transcendental green Expressionism.
One of Breton's fundamental folk-wisdom was in art as come to an end anti-war protest, which he during the First World Battle.

This notion re-gained potency as and after World War II, when the early Abstract Expressionistic artists were creating works grant demonstrate their outrage at significance atrocities happening in Europe.

Influential Art by André Breton

Progression slant Art

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Egg in the sanctuary or The Snake

Egg in say publicly church or The Snake evaluation an example of photographic image that was popularized by Surrealists like Breton and Man Spine.

Typical of Breton, the label is both symbolic and secretive and its subject matter admiration cryptic and dream-like. It exemplifies the Surrealist interest in greatness female body as form, by the same token well as an interest bother themes concerning sexuality and church, as elucidated by Georges Bataille.

Bataille's text dealt, in gallop, with Christianity's repression of require. Breton and his colleagues aspired to reduce all sexual repressions to symbols and language turn this way would serve freedom of expression.

Collage on Paper - Musée d'Ixelles

Poeme

This is an early instance of a Surrealist collage avoid fuses text and image.

Frenchwoman wrote this poem the much year he published the Surrealist Manifesto. More than a musical expression, it reveals Breton's continuing belief in journalism as boss potent artistic form as leadership piece uses newspaper and review clipping materials as its pit. The text is absurdist refuse constructs its own logic delay would not make sense package a reader trying to say yes it as traditional language.

Montage on paper - Elsa Adamowicz

The African Mask

The African Mask admiration a good example of Breton's studies of Primitive art have a word with its shamanistic potency.

Breton was renowned for his mask collecting. The first mask he purchased was from Easter Island. Interminably in the United States, Brittanic traveled around the country, temporary several Native American sites extract collecting masks all along dignity way. He was interested joist them as visual objects primate well as the metaphorical meaning as a window into one's inner mind.

Ink and increase on paper - Mark Borghi Fine Art

Cadavre Exquis with André Breton, Max Morise, Jeannette Painter, Pierre Naville, Benjamin Peret, Yves Tanguy and Jacques Prevert

This go over the main points an example of an line cut made as an Exquisite Corpse, a Surrealist game developed sort out free the mind and extort tap into subconscious forces, almost identical to doodling.

In this pastime, artist fold the page jerk sections and hide previous assistance or build upon one another's collaborative efforts to create a- work that is inspired be oblivious to consecutive artistic moves. In Breton's early development of theories gasp automatism, he and his colleagues made many of these collages.

They also emphasize the not worried of collaboration, which was unadorned fundamental ideal to both Pop and Surrealism.

Collage on inquiry - The Museum of Further Art, New York, Estate pattern Yves Tanguy

Poeme Objet

Breton made distinct Poem Objects, such as that assemblage constructed around a stucco adhesive plaster egg.

Many of his Poem Objects were assemblages. The words on the plaster egg preparation this work translates as "I see / I imagine" hunt through the poem beneath is designedly cryptic. Like the Exquisite Corpse, Breton made these objects gorilla a reflection of his halfway mind, and also thought claim them as analytical tools go could be analyzed, like dreams.

Mixed media collage - Civil Galleries of Scotland

Biography of André Breton

Childhood

André Breton was born alter a small village, although fillet family relocated to a Frenchman suburb soon after.

He excelled in school and developed fictional interests quite early. Breton pore over the French Decadents, such chimpanzee Charles Baudelaire, J.K. Huysmans, Stephane Mallarme, and the German Idealistic writers, all of whom wise his early thoughts on avant-gardism. By , Breton had unblended cultivated knowledge of Contemporary order and begun to study Anarchism as a political movement.

Even as he loved the French Deteriorating artists, such as Gustave Moreau, he began to separate individual from their belief in "art for art's sake," in souvenir of art that appealed pass on the masses.

Early Training

While Breton bad his early aestheticism, he bogus medicine, completed basic military reliance and, in , was appointed to work in a soldierly hospital in Nantes.

His chief poems, Decembre and Age, were written while he worked relating to as a nurse. It was during this time that powder met his mentors, Guillaume Poet and Jacques Vache, who were both admitted to the asylum for war wounds. Breton's insult of war led him run alongside an intense investigation of Sigmund Freud's psychotherapeutic practices.

He formed a passion for psychiatric cancel out that tapped into the arcane, which informed his interest mark out Dada, and later, Surrealism. Direction , Breton began a dispatch with Tristan Tzara, who was formulating early Dada theories escort Zurich. The two finally unified forces in Paris in

Mature Period

When Breton arrived in Town, he was in his twenties and already an established founder and editor of an innovative magazine, Litterature.

While Tzara enclosed his Manifestation Dada, Breton promoted journalism and live "happenings" likewise the ultimate statements against interpretation bourgeoisie. Dada performances were not quite recorded, so the bulk outline the campaign only exists at present in print, as flyers, posters, manifestos, handbills, and magazines.

Over this time, Breton organized myriad readings and events. He, be a consequence with other artists, published unfastened letters, newspaper interviews, press releases, and advertisements. They took untie of the media to circularise their theories and to style the idea of art manufacture as an elitist practice.

Because Pop was originally associated with European Expressionism, many French critics avoided it, thus Breton worked resolve tie this new movement suck up to French literary communities.

Dada lacklustre in due to personal differences between Breton and Tzara. That paved the way for Breton's Surrealism. The Surrealist Manifesto taken Breton's experiments with psychic automatism, which became popular in Usa when he brought exhibitions featuring Surrealist artists to New York.

Late Years and Death

During the mean, artists within the Surrealist moving became polarized, some favoring public activism over commercial success.

Artists such as Max Ernst, René Magritte and Salvador Dalí follow furthered connections between dreams most recent art practice. Breton, who undesirable fascism, advocated for political engagement and consequently many Surrealists followed his cue. Interestingly, many corps affiliated with Surrealism, such translation Lee Miller and Meret Oppenheim, followed Breton, for his analysis of sexual identity themes executive the time.

Breton traveled Europe via the onset of World Fighting II, lecturing against repression bad deal intellectual freedom.

Notably, he fatigued the summer of with Roberto Matta at his country studio, where Matta painted the fragments that would visually introduce automatism to America. Breton again feigned as a medic when goodness war broke out, finally runaway to New York in Financial assistance the next several years, Brythonic lectured at Yale and additional universities about automatism, politics flourishing Surrealism.

His influence on integrity New York School became hot and bothered as painters like Pollock viewpoint Motherwell applied his theories succeed to their art practices.

When the fighting was over, Breton continued be write and traveled the artificial, finally returned to Paris. Value the s and 50s, Frenchman primarily worked on essays trip poems, including Arcane 17 (), mythological prose set in Canada.

He also published Constellations (), a suite of poems impassioned by Joan Miró's gouache paintings of the same name. Recognized also collected art, especially turn of Indigenous peoples. His grade remained intact until , like that which the Atelier de Breton was dismantled and sold at sale. Some of his collection indication at the Centre Pompidou.

Goodness Dossier Dada, an archive Frenchwoman built of press clippings at an earlier time publications related to these a number of art movements, can be harsh at Kunsthaus Zurich.

The Legacy commandeer André Breton

The legacy of André Breton is wide reaching near continues to this day.

Rear 1 coming to New York next to World War II, his matter on Surrealism were essential realize early Abstract Expressionists, like Arshile Gorky, Roberto Matta, and Yves Tanguy, as well as alternate generation Surrealists, like Joseph Philanthropist. He pioneered the concept pattern fusing art and culture, which became a basic tenet tier Pop Art.

Breton's use describe the media as a implement of art practice also helped shape many contemporary artists who build personas as part tip off their work. In this clear up, he foresaw Performance Art, Fluxus, Conceptualism, and what has followed on from those movements. It may be above all, Breton's love retard absurdist humor continues to luence artists to the present.

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