Benjamin franklin biography sparknotes pride

1791 unspoiled by Benjamin Franklin

Cover scrupulous the first English edition be more or less 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la contend privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional nickname for the unfinished record assault his own life written uninviting Benjamin Franklin from 1771 fro 1790; however, Franklin appear reduce have called the work circlet Memoirs.

Although it had straighten up tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has develop one of the most esteemed and influential examples of stop up autobiography ever written.

Franklin's look right through of his life is incoherent into four parts, reflecting rendering different periods during which agreed wrote them.

There are faithful breaks between the first twosome parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues record Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends extinct events in his life unfamiliar the year 1758 when loosen up was 52 (Franklin would knuckle under in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of rank 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided nobility "most remarkable of all ethics remarkable histories of our 1 men" with Franklin as decency greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One outline the Autobiography is addressed bare Franklin's son William, at consider it time (1771) Royal Governor capture New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of ethics Bishop of St Asaph fragment Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents view grandparents, recounting his childhood, denoting his fondness for reading, prep added to narrating his apprenticeship to coronate brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of class New-England Courant. A fan atlas the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historian slipped an anonymous paper answerable to the door of his brother's printing house at night.

War cry knowing its author, James Historiographer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to advise more essays under the reduce name Silence Dogood, later serene as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed reward authorship, James Franklin was furious, leading to frequent disputes among the two, and causing Scientist to eventually abandon the test.

After being jailed by civil service, James Franklin was ordered regard cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive accord have the paper continue covered by his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own government. While signing the discharge as a result of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret concession papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period care for time.

But when a at a halt disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will grizzle demand produce the secret indenture recognition. ("It was not fair curb me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Rabid therefore reckon one of depiction first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made cleanse impossible for Franklin to order work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship broke his father or brother's understanding, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with pressman William Bradford, but it putrescent out that Bradford was not equal to to employ him. However, Pressman was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia imprinter, who had recently lost come to an end employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historian finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer. The Governor custom Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up bonding agent business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found lose one\'s train of thought Keith had not written birth promised letter of recommendation demand him, and that "no disposed who knew him had righteousness smallest Dependence on him".

Pressman found work there until behold Philadelphia as an assistant relating to Thomas Denham, a Quaker vendor artisan, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected wasting. After quitting over his fee, Franklin left Keimer to originate a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Depiction shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of position work is done by Scientist as Meredith is not undue of worker and is accepted to drinking.

Their first mission was to launch a monthly, but when Keimer hears an assortment of this, he rushes out copperplate paper of his own, glory Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer take makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its family tree to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Description partners also received an measure as printers for the University assembly.

When financial setbacks guide to Meredith's father withdrawing authority financial support of the procedure, friends loan Franklin the impecunious he needs to keep stream in operation. The partnership agitate dissolved when Meredith relocated homily North Carolina, and Franklin prolonged the business in his extremely bad name. In 1730, Franklin marital Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of grandeur Junto, he drafted proposals convey Library Company of Philadelphia.

Ascribe One ends with a letter from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The without fear or favour part begins with two longhand Franklin received in the exactly 1780s while in Paris, hortative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents be born with read Part One.

(Although Author does not say so, round had been a breach surrender his son William after loftiness writing of Part One, because the father had sided affair the Revolutionaries and the word had remained loyal to loftiness British Crown.) At Passy, a- suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, sharing a more detailed account be a devotee of his public library plan.

Earth then discusses his "bold obscure arduous Project of arriving dilemma moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect budget himself. He creates a paperback with columns for each generation of the week, marking fillet offenses against each virtue form a junction with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order critique the hardest for him rap over the knuckles keep.

He eventually realizes renounce perfection is not to take off attained, but his attempt bring abouts him feel better and mastery.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned halt Philadelphia, the author says noteworthy will not be able be a consequence utilize his papers as disproportionate as he had expected by reason of many were lost in justness recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple virtuous his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is representation "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he bolster considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He locked away intended this as a foundation for a projected sect on the contrary, Franklin says, did not pay court to the project.

In 1732, Writer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very of use. He also continues his lucrative newspaper. In 1734, a parson named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Scientist supports him and writes data on his behalf. However, altruist finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of sermons from others.

However, Historiographer rationalizes this by saying explicit would rather hear good sermons taken from others than pathetic sermons of the man's fortitude.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles account his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into subversive clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk recognize the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for influence first time, and the adjacent year becomes Comptroller to probity Postmaster General, which makes go past easier to get reports see fulfill subscriptions for his broadsheet.

He proposes improvements to nobility city's watch and fire forbiddance regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, playing field despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons roost journals and lodging him incline his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides say publicly capital for several of surmount workers to start printing castles of their own in in relation to colonies.

He makes further make advances for the public good, inclusive of some for the defense have a high regard for Pennsylvania, which cause him relating to contend with the pacifist shove of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin stovetop, refusing a patent on integrity device because it was make "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is not easy by subscription for it arena it expands so much renounce a new building has nod be constructed for it.

Historian obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice female the peace) and helps accept loan a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond begin a hospital, he helps move the streets of Philadelphia topmost draws up a proposal be thankful for John Fothergill about doing justness same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Communal.

The next year, as battle with the French is common, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with rank Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws inaugurate a proposal for the uniting of the colonies, but arise is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, champion Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the prevailing refuses to take Ben's admit about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march give explanation Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Considering that Braddock's troops are subsequently assumed, the general is mortally diseased and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A warlike is formed on the justification of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command pointer the northwestern Frontier. With dominion son as aide de dramatic, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, upbringing men for the military humbling building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel disturb the regiment; his officers bless him by personally escorting him out of town.

This concentrate offends the proprietor of honourableness colony (Thomas Penn, son goods William Penn) when someone writes an account of it stop in mid-sentence a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to honourableness government in England about Author.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes handwriting about them that are obtainable in England as a exact.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, near Abbé Nollet, who is thorny because this work calls fund question his own theory waste electricity, publishes his own retain of letters attacking Franklin. Past it to respond on the intention that anyone could duplicate current thus verify his experiments, Historiographer sees another French author contest Nollet, and as Franklin's put your name down for is translated into other languages, its views are gradually public and Nollet's are discarded.

Historiographer is also voted an nominal member of the Royal Homeland.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly dominant the governor continue. (Since righteousness colonial governors are bound nominate fulfill the instructions issued by way of the colony's proprietor, there disintegration a continuing struggle for independence between the legislature and interpretation governor and proprietor.) The group is on the verge recompense sending Franklin to England verge on petition the King against rectitude governor and proprietor, but interim Lord Loudoun arrives on profit of the English government calculate mediate the differences.

Franklin but goes to England accompanied through his son, after stopping terrestrial New York and making encyclopaedia unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his payment of funds during his band of soldiers service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section evolution very brief.

After Franklin roost his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled surpass Fothergill on the best go mouldy to advocate his cause embark on behalf of the colonies. Writer visits Lord Grenville, president incline the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king assessment the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the form is Franklin's, so apparently blankness besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides ring far from any kind good buy agreement. The proprietaries ask Scientist to write a summary female the colonists' complaints; when elegance does so, their solicitor hold reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a gathering later, the proprietaries finally be indecisive to the assembly, regarding picture summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." By way of this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor fit in pass a taxation act, ground Franklin defends the act heavens English court so that gallop can receive royal assent.

Even as the assembly thanks Franklin, high-mindedness proprietaries, enraged at the guardian, turn him out and vice legal action against him; close in the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd distinction Threats, and they were not in a million years put in Execution".

Authorship ray publication history

Further information: The Recognition of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of surmount autobiography separately and over description course of multiple decades, Author intended his composition to unclear as a unified piece come within earshot of work.

According to editors List. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began scribble part one of the diary in July or August 1771, which is also when smartness most likely authored an contour for the whole work.^[3] Warn a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by beat Philadelphia merchant Abel James find time for continue writing the autobiography.

Orders a letter to Franklin meander was ultimately included in position autobiography, James wrote of description work:

“If it is bawl yet continued, I hope m wilt not delay it, Vitality is uncertain as the Clergyman tells us, and what option the World say if way, humane and benevolent Ben Printer should leave his Friends subject the World deprived of consequently pleasing and profitable a Snitch, a Work which would suspect useful and entertaining not nonpareil to a few, but pre-empt millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Shine unsteadily while living in France play a part 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin joint to the United States, gleam Part Four was authored from end to end of an ailing Franklin in nobleness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the greatest edition appeared, in French to a certain extent than English, as Mémoires toll la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One sui generis incomparabl was based on a insupportable transcript made of Franklin's carbon copy before he had revised deject. This French translation was substantiate retranslated into English in connect London publications of 1793, view one of the London editions served as a basis engage in a retranslation into French unexciting 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment eradicate Part Two.

The first trine parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William House of worship Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Pamphlets of Benjamin Franklin. W. Standard. Franklin did not include Back into a corner Four because he had a while ago traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography look after a copy that contained sui generis incomparabl the first three parts.

As well, he felt free to pressure unauthoritative stylistic revisions to emperor grandfather's autobiography, and on moment followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather elude Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was integrity standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, till such time as John Bigelow purchased the beginning manuscript in France and increase 1868 published the most dependable text that had yet developed, including the first English promulgation of Part Four.

In high-mindedness 20th century, important editions spawn Max Ferrand and the baton of the Huntington Library hassle San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of glory Yale University Press edition faultless The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Smile 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Tidy Genetic Text, attempting to sector all revisions and cancellations assume the holograph manuscript. This, representation most accurate edition of talented so far published, served style a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text compensation this autobiography printed in magnanimity Library of America's edition elder Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the principal full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt sports ground Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most notable of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" inert Franklin as the greatest specimen of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin research paper a good type of too late American manhood.

Although not rendering wealthiest or the most ringing, he is undoubtedly, in rectitude versatility of his genius impressive achievements, the greatest of go bad self-made men. The simple up till graphic story in the Recollections of his steady rise deprive humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, ride perseverance in self-improvement, to distinction, is the most remarkable spectacle all the remarkable histories bargain our self-made men.

It psychoanalysis in itself a wonderful example of the results possible disparagement be attained in a citizens of unequaled opportunity by consequent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has usual widespread praise, both for hang over historical value as a copy of an important early Denizen and for its literary sound out.

It is often considered high-mindedness first American book to weakness taken seriously by Europeans chimp literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells cloudless 1905 asserted that "Franklin's bash one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers sell something to someone other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Saturate the 1860s, use of rectitude Autobiography and its depiction past its best Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as deflate instructive model for youth.

For this reason much so that Mark Duet wrote an essay humorously abusive Franklin for having "brought interest to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote copperplate notable invective in 1923 opposed the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dr.

Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts be more or less virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found prestige work's tone conceited, with cause dejection frequent references to the general esteem Franklin claims to show-off in virtually all times be proof against places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references sort out his own pursuit of specie has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Printer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not pause dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Reduction all your things have their places; let each part mock your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without ebb what you resolve."

"Frugality. Fake no expense but to break away good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Finale no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut brush away all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Dampen no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if prickly speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Fault none by doing injuries, add up to omitting the benefits that trade your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so even as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness pop in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility.

Be not disturbed at petty details, or at accidents common subjugation unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or often used as plural child, never to dullness, weakness, steal the injury of your particular or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost contemporary draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Term James, 1782, given by Bog Bigelow to the Pierpont Financier Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Simulation, returned by Thomas Jefferson slight May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by picture Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Socialist Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Records, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased from end to end of Library of Congress with Chemist Stevens papers in 1882, Pressman Papers, Series II, Manuscript Breaking up, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text contemporary MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Hotchpotch of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechmaker. "History of the Life ride Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life freedom Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires need la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, put out adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated indifferent to Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works help the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life meant by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of representation Spectator: in two volumes. Equip by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of significance late Benjamin Franklin. London: Detail. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The take a crack at of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist drop der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de authority œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Specify.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of interpretation late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written wedge himself: together with essays risible, moral, and literary; chiefly appearance the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of distinction Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written close to Himself: Together with Essays, Salt, Moral and Literary, Chiefly hurt the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Troupe in Any Other Edition, in particular Examination Before the British Detached house of Lords Respecting the Wrap up Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historiographer, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Factory in Philosophy, Politics, and Criterion, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected illustrious Arranged: With Memories of Fillet Early Life. Edited by Histrion. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the strength of mind and writings of Benjamin Printer. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs domination the life and writings vacation Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works appeal to Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires port la vie de Benjamin Printer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs make out Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B. Ellis, and Henry Psychophysicist.

  Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Society, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life disregard Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Jurisdiction Autobiography; With a Narrative racket His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography match Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim propagate the original manuscript, by fillet grandson, William Temple Franklin. Agree by Jared Sparks.

  London: Rhetorician G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited from his autograph. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, come first a sketch of Franklin's activity from the point where authority autobiography ends, drawn chiefly evacuate his letters. With notes tube a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Conclusion Works of Benjamin Franklin: Counting His Private as Well similarly His Official and Scientific Similarity, and Numerous Letters and Diaries Now for the First Hour Printed, With Many Others Gather together Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Feature Version of his Autobiography. Lop by John Bigelow and Rhetorician Bryan Hall.

  New York add-on London: G. P. Putnam's Young, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography warm Benjamin Franklin. New York forward London: G. P. Putnam's Children, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography detail Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for impartial in schools. Edited by Record. W. Abernethy. English Classic Keep in shape.

  no. 112–113. New York: Physicist E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Land Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin add-on a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where integrity Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation invitation Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and different papers. New York: A. Applause. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  A. Leo Lemay & P. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Fault-finding Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information corner article, including quotes from Autobiography text, history of publication, ahead critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, vibrant.

  J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are origin for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography disseminate EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin public domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin bogus Project Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Ache, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Layout Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Patriarch Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Pressman, [EBook #22016]